Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Microbiology ,mycology and immunology Faculty of veterinary medicine Menofia university
2
Bacteriology Department, Animal Health Research Institute(AHRI),Tanta branch, Agricultrural Research Center(ARC),Giza, Egypt.
3
Bactriology,mycologyand immunology department faculty of vetrinary medicin menofia university
4
Department of Anatomy and Embryology Faculty of veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University
5
Department of Poultry and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom Menoufia, Egypt
6
Department of Bacteriology , Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
7
Researcher of Microbiology animal health research institute ,Shiben El-Kom branch
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens is linked to necrotic enteritis, necrotic dermatitis, and cholangiohepatitis in birds, resulting in significant financial losses for the poultry industry. This research aimed to isolate and characterize C. perfringens from seemingly healthy and clinically affected poultry between February 2023 and August 2024. The specimens were gathered from 30 broiler flocks in El-Menoufia, El-Gharbia, and El-Beheira. A total of 150 specimens, which included intestine (n= 130) and liver (n=20), were analyzed. A total of twenty-one (14%) C. perfringens isolates were collected, with 19 (14.6%) coming from sick broilers and 2 (10%) from those that appeared healthy.
All the isolates were verified using biochemical identification and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by detecting the alphA, netB, and tpeL genes. All analyzed isolates (n= 21) possessed the alphA toxin at 401 bp, with 9 isolates containing netB and 6 isolates having tpeL genes at 316 bp and 466 bp, respectively. The in-vitro antimicrobial sensitivity testing was conducted on all isolates and showed a high sensitivity to amoxicillin 100%, gentamycin 76.1%, norfloxacin 66.6%, and levofloxacin 61.9%, while it demonstrated significant resistance to metronidazole 61.9% and penicillin 52.3%. Additionally, PCR analysis of the antibiotic-resistant genes bla and tetK showed a high occurrence of bla resistance genes with no presence of tetK.
It can be inferred that certain isolates of C. perfringens harboring the alphA, netB, and tpeL genes are capable of causing necrotic enteritis (NE) independently. Moreover, the significant prevalence of bla resistance genes reduces the likelihood of NE management.
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